Printing ink



Patented Nov. 3,

J UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE V Penta n it I No Drawing. Application rune z, 1941,

. Serial No. 396,288

. 1 (iClalms. This invention relates to improvements in printing ink.

--This invention relates to printing inks and particularly to such inks in which a binder which is insoluble in water is employed with a j solvent which is miscible with. water, the binder being soluble in the solvent and a limited quantity of water; but not, in the solvent with an unlimited quantity of water, so that the ink may be used 1 =in...the presence of relatively high humidities without setting up on-the press but so that offset may be prevented by treating the printing ink 1 wlth'water to separate the binder and the solvent when more than a limited quantity of water has been, added in this way.

closed and described in our copending applica v Such an ink is distion Serial No. 305,640, filed November 22, 1939, for Printing inks.

The. objects of this invention are:

First, to provide a new and improved, printing ink of the type described.

Second, to provide such a printing ink which has a greater water tolerance than the ink of our aforesaid application.

" Third, to provide such an ink which can be made inexpensively and in which the water tolerance may be controlled by the addition of a small quantity of an inexpensive chemical.

Fourth, to providesuch an ink in which fatty acids are employed to give the increased water tolerance. i Further objects and advantages pertaining to details will appear from the description to follow; We have found that the water tolerance of an. v ink in which the binder is a resin comprising a rosin modified by an alpha beta unsaturated 'polybasic acid, such as maleic or fumaric, and in which the solvent is a liquid polyglycol such as diethylene glycol, may be increased if small amounts of fatty acids are'added to the ink. When these acids are added and are dispersed through the varnish or ink by means of a roller. mill, they increase the water tolerance materially and we believe that this is due to a mechanical 'lauric, myristic and erucic.

55 diethylene glycol.

c1. zed-s2) These acids may be used individually or may be mixed together. We have foundthat the following commercial products which consist of the combination of acids which are listed with them are satisfactory for our ink:

Cocoanut Oieic and linoic acids Helioli'ne Oleic and'linoic acids v Isoline 90% linoic" and isolinoic acids 1 Linseed supra Linoic and linolenic acids Linseed fatty acid I split '#1 Linoic and linolenic acids Myristic ..Laurlc acid and myristic Perilla Linoic and linolenic acids Rapeseed Erucic and oleic acids Soy bean Oieic and linoic acids Sunflower Linoic and oleic acids We have found that when fatty acids are used V in the inks they flow down the tendency of the inks to set up on the press in excessive humidity conditions, but they do not have any appreciable efiect in the small percentages used upon the speed of setting the printed film of ink when subjected to steam or water spray or other means of applying water to prevent offset.

We have found that the addition of the fatty acid is effective in inks made with a resin com-- :prising a rosin modified with an alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic acid such as maleic or fumaric as a binder. The addition of the fatty acid isalso iefiective in inks in which the resin consists of a. terpene hydrocarbon of the formula CmHm, 'such as alpha terpinene, beta 'terpinene, pinene, alpha pinene, beta pinene,

dipentene, limonene, or terpinolene, modified by maleic acid or the anhydride thereof or some other alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic acid. We have found that if the binder of the o ink consists of a combination of these resins, the.

addition of the fatty acid is likewise helpful.

Typical examples of our ink are as follows: 1) 100 parts by weight of varnish made from by weight of a resi comprising a rosin 50% by weight ofdiethylene glycol.

45 modiified with maleic acid or fumaric acid and 3 parts of "Ioline which consists of oflinoic and 10% of isoiinoic acids.

Suitable pigment'in amounts varying with the 5 specific pigment and the coloration desired.

(2) parts by weight of varnish made from 50% by weight of a resin comprising a terpene hydrocarbon of the formula C1oH1s modified with maleic or fumaric acid and 50% by weight of 3 parts oi "Isoline" which consists of 90% oi llnoic and of isolinoieacids.

Suitable pigment in amounts varying with the specific pigment and the coloration desired.

(3) 100 parts by weight of a varnish made from 50% of a mixture of resins comprising a rosin modified by maleic or fumaric acid and a terpene hydrocarbon of the formula Ciel-Ire modified by maleic or fumaric acid and 50% diethylene glycol.

3 parts 01' "Isoline" which consists of 90% linoic and 10% isolinoic acids.

Suitable pigment in amounts varying with the specific pigment and the coloration desired.

The binder of the varnish need not be entirely made up of the above mentioned resins. If 80% by weight of the varnish is made up from the above named resins and diethylene. glycol in the percentages specified, 20% by weight may be made up of phenolic resins. gum or wood rosin, alkyd resin, urea or melamine formaldehyde condensation products and zein, or zein modified with an alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic acid, or an organic hydroxy acid such as malic, lactic, tartaric or citric, or shellac.

The terms and expressions which have been herein employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof. It is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention claimed.

, Having. thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A printing ink comprising 100 parts by weight of varnish comprising 50% by weight of a resin comprising rosin modified by an alpha aaoaeao beta unsaturated organic polybaslc acid and by weight or a polyglycol, 8 parts by weight of a iattyacid having from 16 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

2. A printing ink comprising varnish comprising a resin comprising rosin modified by an alpha beta unsaturated polybasic acid and a polyglycol,

'a relatively small amount of fatty acid having from 18 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

3. A printing ink comprising varnish comprising a resin comprising rosin modified by an alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic acid and a polyglycol, a fatty acid having from 16 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

4. A printing ink comprising parts by weight of a varnish comprising 50% by weight of a resin comprising a terpene hydrocarbon oi" the formula CmI-Im modified by an alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic acid and 50% by weight of a polyglycol, 3 parts by weight of a fatty acid having from 16 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

5. A printing ink comprising a varnish comprising a resin comprising a terpene hydrocarbon of the formula CmHic modified by an alpha beta unsaturated organicpolybasic acid and a polyglycol, a fatty acid having from 16 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

6. A printing ink comprising a varnish com: prising a resin comprising a terpene hydrocarbon of the formula CioHie modified by an alpha beta unsaturated organic polybasic'acid and a polyglycol, a relatively small amount of fatty acid having from 16 to 21 carbon atoms in the chain, and a pigment.

DONALD ROBERT ERICKSON. PAUL J. THOMA. 

